The evolution of independent India after partition is incomplete without the formation of princely states. The independent India gained its freedom when the British decided to split away from India to establish their own rule over all the independent states of India. The freedom movement was led by anarchistic or revolutionary leaders who established a reign of terror in the British ruled India. The freedom movement continued with the peasantry taking up arms against the British for a cause which was motivated by an understanding of their historic and cultural right to self determination. The freedom movement was eventually crushed by the armed forces of the British. But the historical significance of the independence movement goes way back to the past of our nation as well as of the entire world.
The Indian freedom movement was initially a series of peaceful events with the ultimate objective of removing British rule from India. It began when the peasants of Bengal rose against the British for a cause which was motivated by an understanding of their historical and cultural right to self determination. The leadership of this peasantry, chiefly the Bengali youth, inspired and strove with others to liberate themselves from the British. In addition to this the freedom movement was joined by the Hindu and Sikh leaders.
After the independence of independent india, there were two different faces of India. One was the union of India with Britain, which happened when the Indian parliamentarians reached a consensus at the third session of the Constituent assembly elected by the people for self-determination. The other face of independent india was that after independence, there was no longer any connection between the people of India and the British. India became an independent country with a separate government headed by a person who was recognized as the first prime minister of independent India – Jawaharlal Nehru.
On August 12th, 1947, the Constituent assembly took a decision to declare independence day in India on that very day. This decision was passed by a large majority and all the countries which were formerly constituent parts of India became independent nations. The declaration of independence day in India became a momentous occasion. The first prime minister of independent India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was present at that time and he had declared that the government will hold a general election for the office of the first prime minister.
When the Constituent assembly meets for the final decision on Independence Day, the question arises that whether partition or Independence Day should be passed. Some people were in favor of separate governments for India while others did not want this change in the history of independent India. But eventually, the government passed a resolution for both. India became a republic after partition and remained a republic till the early twenty-first century.
India achieved her first Independence Day without violence as a result of the partition. Violence broke out in some states including Jammu & Kashmir, but the situation was brought under control within a few hours with Indian soldiers Manning checkpoints and firing guns when the mob started throwing stones and bricks at the soldiers and police on the other side of the border. The violence in the country caused the International community’s concern and further consultations were held with External affairs ministers from various countries and the Commonwealth nations.
The independence day in India was celebrated on the day of Padmanabha Swami where Lord Padmanabha was born. The spirit of sacrifice and love, which was prevalent in the Independence Day celebrations spread all across India on that day. The story behind the Independence Day celebrations is the struggle of the people of various states during the British rule. India was not ready for the formation of an independent country and hence the British gave the country an option to vote for either India or Pakistan on the 22nd of April, 1947.
There was an understanding in the minds of the people in India and the neighboring states that if either India or Pakistan were to become independent, they would become a part of one nation. Various organizations like People’s Republic of India (PUI) and Congress of Independent States (CIS) joined hands and planned for the unity of India. However, there were differences among the parties to form a government for the unity of India. India became an independent state on the first Independence Day after the partition.