Asexual reproduction in flowering plants is the spontaneous formation of a new vegetative sporophyte with no external fertilization. This chapter deals exclusively with asexual reproduction in flowering plants; it does not deal with sexual reproduction in other plants. Sexually reproducing flowering plants are very complex biological structures that evolved first in lower plants. They appear and develop into different kinds of organisms (and sometimes animals) in order to obtain food and survive. Thus each species has developed its own reproductive system, including asexually reproduced fruits or seeds, fish, and plants.
Flowering plants have many parts that are involved in the process of sexual reproduction. The ovule is the germ cell that starts the entire process. The ovule is surrounded by a skirt of sorts that enables it to be deposited on the pollinating female flower or variety. There are several kinds of ovules and they vary in shape and size. Some florets are covered with a thin, white “saddle” of cells that allows the flower to be deposited, and it remains there for the period of the flower’s life.
Anthers are the cells on the underside of a flower that provide food for the development of seeds and new plants. They are also involved in vegetative reproduction. The ovules and anthers are connected to each other by a string of cells. The size of the string determines how many eggs the plant can house. The length of the string is inversely related to the size of the plant (larger plants grow longer strings, shorter ones shorter).
Sexual reproduction in plants like ferns is actually an extended process that begins much earlier in the life of the plant. The gametes, or gametes themselves, are present in the early stages of development and are capable of moving forward into the next stage. The gamete or lonesome contains both male and female components. The male component has the gene that creates the sperm and the female component has the gene that creates the ovum or endometrial tissue. The ovum or endometrial cells are released from the glands that produce them.
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants can be separated into two basic categories. There is direct sexual reproduction by the presence of sexual reproductive organs such as the male gamete. Direct sexual reproduction involves the transfer of genetic material from an organism to its own gametes or eggs. The other type of reproduction is an egg-laying organ such as the zygote. The zygote is a single celled embryo that does not develop into a baby. It simply starts to reproduce itself and eventually develops into a zygote that grows into a plant.
Flowering plants have both male and female sexual reproduction systems, but for the purposes of this discussion we will focus on the former. In sexual reproduction, pollen is transferred from one flower to the other through their pollen tube. This can happen in both the prostate and ovary and it is highly active during ovulation. When the female flowers open up for the day, the pollen from the various blooms can move down the flower and into the main floral stem where it starts the process of pollination.
The procedure of pollination consists of the movement of the pollen grains along the length of the plant’s stems. The flower petals then bind together and the pollen grains land on the undersides of the stigma. The ovules are then released and the process starts all over again. The ovules have the job of producing seeds. As the flower grows, so does the ovule and it grows into a fruit, which is called a nectar plant.
Asexual reproduction is a type of sexual reproduction where there is no fertilization. Sex cells remain in the female reproductive organ and reproduce by secreting a chemical that causes the production of eggs. An example of an asexual reproduction is the fertilization of a single cell by either a sperm or an egg. There is not a separate frame work involved. In this article, we have looked at the general differences between sexual and asemic reproduction.