Paintings of West Bengal are also known as Kali Paintings or Kalighat. The term ‘Kali’ is believed to be derived from the God ‘Kali’ found in the mythological epics of India. West Bengal was under the Bengal Presidency during the British rule, and there are many examples of British colonial architectural and art work in the region dating back to the mid nineteenth century. A number of Indian painters, including Bengal’s own homegrown talent Nana Murthy have been influenced by the works of these West Bengal painters, and their works can be seen in many art galleries across India and abroad.
Kalighat paintings are predominantly hand painted crafts, and the techniques used are largely inspired by traditional Indian craft work, especially yoga and village art. The artists usually practice the art on wood blocks, which are covered in paint. In some regions, wood is covered in a single colour, while others use multiple colours, like red, yellow and blue. However, whatever colour is used, the aim is to produce a painting that has an integrated theme, such as a family portrait. The painted patterns are often geometrical in nature and are based on Hindu mythological scenes as well as on the myth of the coming of the Son of the King of Kings in heaven.
Today, Kalighat painting forms continue to evolve and prosper independently of any national influence. Some of the best known such artists are Jamini Roy and T.N. Swarup, both of whom have had a long history of work widely admired by both Indians and foreigners.